How to Distinguish Earthenware, Stoneware, Porcelain, and Ceramics

Have you ever wondered, "Is this earthenware or porcelain?" when looking at a bowl at home or an artifact in a museum? Though all made from clay, these items differ significantly in material, firing methods, and historical context. Today, let's clearly distinguish between earthenware, stoneware, porcelain , and ceramics . The main criteria for classification are materials used, firing temperature, glaze usage, and water absorption . These differences reflect not only their function but also their place in history and culture. Let’s break it down step by step.     1. Earthenware Earthenware is the oldest ceramic form. It is fired at a low temperature of 600–900°C and usually unglazed . The surface is coarse, often reddish or gray, and may absorb water. Representative examples include comb-patterned pottery from prehistoric Korea. It was widely used before and during the early Three Kingdoms period. 2. Stoneware ...